Chapter 13 of class 10 science as per the NCERT syllabus is Our Environment which deals with Understanding Ecosystems, Food Chains and Webs, the Impact of Human Activities, etc.
Here, we have discussed 30 Multiple Choice Questions based on these topics of the chapter. These questions will help you to learn more about the chapter and test your knowledge.
For each question below, there are four options out of which only one option is correct. The correct answer to each question is given at the end for your reference.
MCQ on Class 10 Science Chapter 13
1. Which of the following describes an ecosystem?
A) Only living organisms
B) Only non-living factors
C) Both living organisms and non-living factors
D) Only plants and animals
2. What are decomposers in an ecosystem responsible for?
A) Producing food through photosynthesis
B) Breaking down dead remains and waste products
C) Consuming food produced by plants
D) Providing energy to other organisms
3. What are producers in an ecosystem primarily responsible for?
A) Consuming food
B) Breaking down dead organisms
C) Synthesizing organic compounds from inorganic substances
D) Maintaining soil fertility
4. Which organisms directly depend on producers for sustenance?
A) Consumers
B) Decomposers
C) Predators
D) Herbivores
5. What are organisms called that feed on other consumers?
A) Producers
B) Decomposers
C) Herbivores
D) Consumers
6. Which trophic level includes organisms that consume producers?
A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth
7. What is the term for a series of organisms feeding on one another?
A) Food web
B) Trophic level
C) Energy flow
D) Food chain
8. In a food chain, what trophic level comprises autotrophs?
A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth
9. How much energy do green plants capture from sunlight for food energy?
A) 100%
B) 50%
C) 25%
D) 1%
10. Which of the following is true regarding energy flow in ecosystems?
A) Energy flow is bidirectional
B) Energy flow is reversible
C) Energy flow is unidirectional
D) Energy flow is random
11. What term describes the phenomenon where harmful chemicals accumulate in organisms at higher trophic levels?
A) Bioaccumulation
B) Biodegradation
C) Biological magnification
D) Ecological succession
12. What causes the depletion of the ozone layer?
A) Greenhouse gases
B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
C) Deforestation
D) Acid rain
13. Which gas forms the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere?
A) O2
B) CO2
C) O3
D) N2
14. What is the primary function of ozone in the atmosphere?
A) Absorbing carbon dioxide
B) Protecting against ultraviolet radiation
C) Facilitating photosynthesis
D) Regulating temperature
15. Which human-made chemicals are responsible for ozone depletion?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Sulfur dioxide
C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
D) Nitrous oxide
16. What international agreement aimed to reduce the production of CFCs?
A) Montreal Protocol
B) Kyoto Protocol
C) Paris Agreement
D) Vienna Convention
17. What term describes substances that are broken down by biological processes?
A) Biodegradable
B) Non-biodegradable
C) Inert
D) Synthetic
18. Which type of waste persists in the environment for a long time?
A) Biodegradable waste
B) Non-biodegradable waste
C) Organic waste
D) Radioactive waste
19. What is the primary concern associated with non-biodegradable waste?
A) Soil erosion
B) Air pollution
C) Water contamination
D) Greenhouse gas emissions
20. How do enzymes contribute to waste breakdown in the environment?
A) By converting waste into energy
B) By facilitating physical processes
C) By breaking down specific substances
D) By promoting waste accumulation
21. Which of the following is an example of a biodegradable substance?
A) Plastic
B) Glass
C) Paper
D) Metal
22. What has led to increased generation of waste materials?
A) Decreased consumption
B) Improved lifestyle
C) Decreased population
D) Decreased packaging
23. Which of the following is a consequence of changes in packaging materials?
A) Reduced waste generation
B) Increased biodegradability
C) Increased non-biodegradable waste
D) Reduced environmental impact
24. How does biological magnification occur in food chains?
A) Through the accumulation of nutrients
B) Through the accumulation of harmful chemicals
C) Through the depletion of ozone
D) Through the degradation of soil
25. What happens to energy as it moves through trophic levels in a food chain?
A) It increases
B) It remains constant
C) It decreases
D) It fluctuates
26. What percentage of the energy captured by green plants is available for the next trophic level?
A) 100%
B) 50%
C) 25%
D) 10%
27. Which international organization played a key role in addressing ozone depletion?
A) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
B) World Health Organization (WHO)
C) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
D) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
28. What process leads to the accumulation of harmful chemicals in organisms at higher trophic levels?
A) Bioaccumulation
B) Bioremediation
C) Biomagnification
D) Biodegradation
29. Which human activity significantly contributes to ozone depletion?
A) Deforestation
B) Waste disposal
C) Use of CFCs
D) Renewable energy production
30. What international agreement aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
A) Kyoto Protocol
B) Montreal Protocol
C) Paris Agreement
D) Vienna Convention
Correct Answers
Here is the list of correct answers to the above questions.
- C) Both living organisms and non-living factors
- B) Breaking down dead remains and waste products
- C) Synthesizing organic compounds from inorganic substances
- D) Herbivores
- D) Consumers
- B) Second
- D) Food chain
- A) First
- D) 1%
- C) Energy flow is unidirectional
- C) Biological magnification
- B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
- C) O3
- B) Protecting against ultraviolet radiation
- C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
- A) Montreal Protocol
- A) Biodegradable
- B) Non-biodegradable waste
- C) Water contamination
- C) By breaking down specific substances
- C) Paper
- B) Improved lifestyle
- C) Increased non-biodegradable waste
- B) Through the accumulation of harmful chemicals
- C) It decreases
- D) 10%
- A) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
- C) Biomagnification
- C) Use of CFCs
- C) Paris Agreement
The Bottom Line
I hope these 30 MCQs on Our Environment of Class 10 Science Chapter 13 have helped you in your studies and preparation.
If you have any queries, or comments or find any mistake in the above questions, feel free to contact me in the comment section below.
I would love to hear from you.
Abdur Rohman is an Electrical Engineer from Charaideo, Assam, who wears multiple hats as a part-time teacher, blogger, entrepreneur, and digital marketer. Passionate about education, he founded The Assam School blog to provide free, comprehensive textbook solutions, MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions), and other academic content for students from Class V to XII.